The Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA) has issued a warning to the municipality of Paraíso, threatening to cut off water supply if a long-standing debt is not paid within ten days.

As of May 22, 2025, the municipality owes a total of 3.418 billion colones, a bill that has remained unpaid since 1997. While the outstanding amount appears unmanageable, AyA has requested immediate payment of the May bill, which totals 46,985,022 colones.

Legal experts, such as attorney Kendall Ruíz, have weighed in on the situation, stating that while AyA is within its rights to restrict water access due to non-payment, it is not permitted to completely cut off supply.

The law stipulates that a minimal amount of water must be maintained to meet the basic needs of residents.

Since 2010, the United Nations has recognized access to clean water and sanitation as an essential human right.

This international acknowledgment places an obligation on states to ensure that all individuals have access to water without discrimination.

In light of this principle, AyA has affirmed its understanding that water access is a fundamental right.

However, it also emphasized the importance of customers fulfilling their financial responsibilities for services rendered.

Should AyA proceed with a complete water supply cut, Ruíz indicates that citizens would be within their rights to seek an injunction against such an action, potentially leading to legal complications for the agency.

AyA has stated it will uphold its obligation to maintain water services while also expecting compliance with payment protocols.

The situation continues to evolve as local residents express their concerns regarding possible water shortages, highlighting the tension between financial accountability and essential human rights.